How many fountains do you know in Vilnius? Does the city need fountains? What can you do near fountains and do citizens use fountains? - citizens of Vilnius were asked these questions on one not really rainy afternoon. Other, very similar ones, were asked in Seville. It is obvious, that fountains are not closely involved in life of citizens: they are not noticeable, not memorable and remain as a far dream...Answers from Vilnius
AGNÉHow many fountains are in Vilnius? I do not know, maybe four. And in Klaipėda there are eight - I know. Read about that recently.
Fountains are necessary for the city, especially during the hot summer. It is fun to flop about in them. More, there is a possibility to organize some initiatives near them or choose them as a meeting point. The more there are fountains the more beauty.
There is a lack of using fountains now, because they are not really memorable - I even can not name them.
ARUÑAS
I think, that there is one - near the parliament.There is a need of fountains, because they are interesting for the people, who come to the city. It is possible to sit near them, to drink some coffee, take your laptop and to browse the Internet.
There is a lack of using the fountains - citizens of Vilnius choose to meet in other places.
EGLÈ
There are three fountains in Vilnius.
It is very nice when there are many beautiful fountains in the city - I like them a lot. When you go to other countries, you can see many beautiful and interesting shapes fountains. And our fountains are so plain... Usually I just sit near them for a while, because they have more aesthetic function.
There is a need of more beautiful fountains in the city.
MARIUS
There are seven fountains in Vilnius.Fountains are needed really, because the city looks more sightly. Fountains are usable, but the usage is very little. Because they are not very well noticeable and there is nothing to enjoy while looking at them.
Somewhere could be mounted one really big, where many young people come together.
JONAS, UN AMIGO DE MARIUS
There are seven fountains in the city.
The city needs fountains - here, the fountain of town hole was mounted - and what? It is closed already, because it is broken.
It is possible to dip one's feet in the fountain.
KAZYS
Maybe there are four.
Vilnius needs fountains, but exploitation of them is really expensive, this is why it is a big problem from the antiquity. For the city like Vilnius seven or ten fountains is not enough, this is the same as nothing.
But if instead of those small ones they construct one very pretty one, so what? How many people can enjoy it? It has to be more pleasant for all in the city.
What are possible things to do near them? Being near the water - like near the lake - you have to enjoy. It is more healthy, not so dry near fountains. Less of dust, particles of heavy metals. For instance, after the rain in Peking during Olympic games, the air became more clean at one dash.
NIJOLÈ
Five fountains. They are needed, because it is more nice with them, more pleasure, they are decorations.
Fountains in Vilnius











There are 10 operating and 7 not operating fountains in Vilnius. In Seville about 10 fountains were constructed while preparing for the EXPO, which took place in 1992. This Spanish city is very similar to the capital of Lithuania by it's size, but it has approximately 5 times more of fountains.
Seville questions:
Are the fountains in a good state? Would you like to have more fountains in the city? Do you visit fountains often? Do you meet near a fountain often?
SANDRA, ITALY, 18
I t depends, some fountais are ok, but others are not in such a good state. I think one of them smells really bad.
One more fountain could be a good idea.
Near where I live there is one, however, I don't spend my time there. Still, my friends usually wait for me at that fountain when we arrange to meet.
ALEX, SPAIN, 32
There is a must to take care about the fountains more, most of them are in a bad condition.
There are not so many fountains, could be more - one in every district. When I walk with my dog I often pass one fountain.
ALBERTO, SPAIN, 28
Most known fountains, though not all of them, could be in a better condition.
Always better when there are more fountains, because with them is more fresh.
I do not spend time near fountains, I review them by passing by.
FABIOLA, SPAIN, 28
Actually I never payed the attention to this, but of course, of some of them should be more cared.
Sure, the more fountains the better, because they give some refresh, reduces the heat.
The most known fountain for me is near the Cathedral and together with our friends we often spend time near it.
Fountains in Seville






Special thanks to José Alberto Suárez López
Photos made by Erika Lastovskytè and J.A. Suárez López
being something distant and unrelated to their lives. Others, however, approached the task with curiosity and were interested in our cause.
Two-hundred flyers announcing the afternoon debate on "How much more can the EU expand?" were handed out to those who approached us. The mayor of Seville himself, Alfredo Sánchez Monteseirín, was given a flyer by our coordinator, Concha Hierro, who told him about our Babelian initiative. After two hours in Plaza Nueva, we moved on to San Fernando Street outside the Rector's Office - the hub of the city's university. There we came across a small orchestra playing the European Anthem, as well as an information desk offering a variety of material about the formation of the EU and its issues. We took part in hoisting the European flag and continued to spread the word about Cafébabel. The arrival of lunchtime marked the end of a fruitful morning in which we played our part in taking Europe to the streets. Many definitions and words were written about Europe, but none of them were quite illustrative as those left by a German-Spanish couple: "We love each other."Maybe that's what Europe is about.

For those who get the minimum wage 600 EUR in Seville:
There were a lot of opinions and the positions were very different. Some came in with a mind and got out with another, others kept their opinions (which got even stronger), and others started to think harder about the issue. A lot of issues were proposed, a lot of arguments were launched and a lot of opinions were confronted.
Another argument presented by those who are against this practice, is the fact that often the cameras are there, but there isn’t anybody behind them really watching what happens in the street. Besides that, the reluctance has to do with who is watching. Who will guarantee that this person is reliable and that the images won’t be used for a different purpose? Defenders of this cause say that to spend money on something without a guarantee isn’t worth it: they prefer to invest in education.
What can be done with 2,57 reais in Brazil? Or, better yet, with 1 euro? Well, to begin with, the canteen at the public university in my area (Santa Catarina) costs 1,50 reais ( 0,58 euros). You have still got 1,07 reais left( or 0,42 euros) with which you can have an ice-cream cone for dessert, or have 20 pages photocopied at the university photocopier’s. Looks like a dream, doesn’t it? And if you can spend a little more, there is the possibility to eat at the seaside, at one of the best restaurants on the most famous and hectic beaches in Southern Brazil ( Balneario Camborjú) for 30 reais (at the most!) or, approximately 11,70 euros.
The Centre for Andalusian Studies, in collaboration with the
Exiled in Paris after the arrival to power of Natzis, due to her Jewish origin and her socialist militancy, Taro would learn the tricks of the trade of photography through Hungarian Andre Friedman, also of Jewish origin, who later would be her partner. Together with him she would create the fictitious character of Robert Capa, a so-called famous photographer from the USA. Through that strategy they intended to get more jobs, and it really worked. Soon after that, a conflict would break out which would mobilize the whole Europe: the Spanish Civil War. The couple didn’t hesitate and moved to Spain, where they worked for French magazines like Vu or Regards.
Federico García Moliner was awarded the prize
Nicolás Sartorius is a lawyer as well as a professional journalist. Yet, something he is very well-known for is his fight for freedom during Franco’s dictatorship. He founded the Workers Commissions Union (affiliated with the Communist Party), but he is no longer dedicated to Politics, although he continues participating, but from a different position, in the defense of social reforms.
Emilio Lledó Iñigo was born in Sevilla 81 years ago, but he stays young. This philosopher is, above all, a fan of language. He weighs and tastes every word and manages to deliver a discourse that feels like savoring the best of meals. And not because he uses complex or poetic words, but because of the opposite: the precision and naturalness with which he conveys the most abstract ideas. He is one of those cases that exemplify well that one’s wisdom is not necessarily reflected in the use of elaborate words.
If the world were divided in “lambs and fighters”,
In the middle of a shower of applause, a good-looking, neat and little elderly woman goes up onto the stage. She is
But, every celebration has to end, and with the European hangover, Rumanians and Bulgarians started to realize that their new European voyage wouldn’t be so easy. Some community countries, Spain among them, set up a moratorium by which the citizens of both new Member States wouldn’t be allowed to be employed within their territory for the next two years, with the aim of preventing dozens of thousands of workers from arriving massively.
Bulgaria and Rumania’ joint GDP represents only 1% of the total of EU , while its population exceeds a 6%, which clearly illustrates that today, they are well at the back of the Union and gives an idea of the long way they have ahead towards the economic convergence with the rest of the EU countries. If we consider their per capita income, they don’t come off well, either (it represents one third of the average community income). This situation of clear weakness within the European Union has its advantages too, because both countries will receive during the three-year- period 2007-2009 financial assistance worth 13.000 million of Euros with a view to European funds, 30% of which will be destined to the agrarian sector. The race towards convergence has started; a slow but steady growth which is bound to change the Eastern Europe landscape we see these days. That financial assistance will help many people to avoid looking for good jobs outside their country, and will put an end to their condition of “immigrant exporting” countries,
as there will be a great need of workforce to put in operation a great economic machinery. Today, Bulgarians and Romanians feel that, going hand in hand with Europe, their future will be more prosperous than it was one year ago. However, as the Bulgarian president Georgi Parvanov rightly said, “ our success as a country won’t depend on the European funds, it will depend on our work.”

The ECTS (European Credit Transfer System) was adopted in 1989, within the framework of Erasmus programme, and its approval in our country is set in the
Pina Bausch, choreographer and dancer, was born in 1940 (with World War II) in Solingen (Germany). She is the director of Tanztheater Wuppertal and has just been awarded the